UK consumers would be willing to pay up to £2 to watch TV programmes online, according to entertainment company FreemantleMedia.
Consumers would be happy to pay a small fee to watch TV programmes online, according to the entertainment company behind shows such as The X Factor, Britain's Got Talent and The Bill. FreemantleMedia claims its research demonstrates that viewers are willing to pay small amounts for on-demand TV programmes from 5p up to as high as £2. “Micropayments as an online business model have often been attacked as unworkable because internet users are used to free content,” said Tony Cohen, chief executive at Freemantle. “But while online viewers have a huge appetite for programming many would use legal services if they were available.” The recent Digital Britain report said the Technology Strategy Board is to work with industry partners such as Freemantle and ITV to research the feasibility of a low-cost on-demand pay-per-view model. "For micropayments to work, we need to provide a pain-free, one-click service for users," added Cohen. "Freemantle, together with others in the sector, is funding a usability study for such a service and we should have the results in the autumn." How much would you pay for TV programmes online? Have your say in the Web User Forums
Wednesday 26 January 2011
Video-on-demand to be regulated
Ofcom has announced that from December video-on-demand content such as iPlayer and 4oD will be subject to the same regulations as television broadcasts.
Video-on-demand (VoD) services will be subject to the same regulations as regular television broadcasts by 2010, Ofcom has announced.
This means that the BBC's iPlayer, SkyPlayer, ITV Player, MSN Video, Demand Five and the soon-to-be-launched UK version of Hulu will be regulated by 19 December 2009 in order to comply with EU rules.
Industry regulator Ofcom has announced that legislation will require VoD services to ensure that material doesn't break rules about discrimination and advertising, for example.
"Ofcom proposes that VoD services are regulated by the industry body, the Association for Television On Demand (ATVOD), and that advertising included in those services, is regulated by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA)," Ofcom said in a statement.
One service that will not come under the remit of the new regulations will be YouTube, which Ofcom defines as a site that hosts "unmoderated user-generated material".
However, several major broadcasters have official channels on YouTube, so the site doesn't purely host unmoderated material.
Ofcom is currently running a consultation on its proposals, which will conclude on 26 October.
Video-on-demand (VoD) services will be subject to the same regulations as regular television broadcasts by 2010, Ofcom has announced.
This means that the BBC's iPlayer, SkyPlayer, ITV Player, MSN Video, Demand Five and the soon-to-be-launched UK version of Hulu will be regulated by 19 December 2009 in order to comply with EU rules.
Industry regulator Ofcom has announced that legislation will require VoD services to ensure that material doesn't break rules about discrimination and advertising, for example.
"Ofcom proposes that VoD services are regulated by the industry body, the Association for Television On Demand (ATVOD), and that advertising included in those services, is regulated by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA)," Ofcom said in a statement.
One service that will not come under the remit of the new regulations will be YouTube, which Ofcom defines as a site that hosts "unmoderated user-generated material".
However, several major broadcasters have official channels on YouTube, so the site doesn't purely host unmoderated material.
Ofcom is currently running a consultation on its proposals, which will conclude on 26 October.
BBC bids for online catchup service for UK's radio stations
• 'Radio Plus' could offer pre-record services
• Idea part of BBC's effort to help out struggling rivals
Jane Martinson The Guardian, Monday 23 March 2009 Article historyWant to know whether the love-lorn listener got lucky on Flirty at 8.30 this morning? Or would you like to series link every episode of the Archers from your car? Frustrated radio listeners may soon be able to access nearly every radio station in the country via a single online service under plans being drawn up by the BBC.
After meetings between senior executives at the corporation and in commercial radio, Tim Davie, the BBC's head of audio and music, believes an online radio player open to all broadcast radio providers could be available within the year. So, instead of consumers having to search for commercial stations such as Capital Radio or Heart FM on individual websites, they will be able to find them on something similar to iPlayer, the hugely popular online service which offers a 7-day catch up for all BBC output.
Longer term proposals would see a common standard - dubbed "Radio Plus" - that works across digital devices to offer the sort of pre-booking services found on Sky Plus and other personal video recorders. "Why shouldn't we be able to live pause, put it on hard drive, grab stuff from the past seven days and pre-book on radio as well as TV," says Davie, a former marketing executive who took over BBC Radio's most senior editorial job last September.
The preliminary proposals, which would need approval from the BBC Trust, would align the radio sector with the television industry, which already offers catch-up TV and the ability to pre-record programmes from both commercial and BBC channels.
They are also part of a BBC effort to prove that it can help out its cash-strapped rivals by sharing its technology and software and work on a common standard.
Such proposals - which include plans to work with rival ITV on regional news - are all part of the corporation's policy of promoting partnerships which it hopes will deflect from recent calls for its £3.5bn annual licence fee to be frozen or cut.
Davie says open access will avoid "bespoke solutions" and will help UK plc. His boss, BBC director general Mark Thompson, indicated that the BBC's commercial rivals needed help given the dire economic conditions of much of the ad-supported industry: "Is the BBC going to stand by or take tangible, measurable steps to partner, support and share some of its advantages to other media players?" he said.
The BBC move to partner old rivals is understood to have received tacit backing from the government. Communications minister Stephen Carter is keen to promote digital radio, which has failed to make a viable return for most commercial operators.
Andrew Harrison, the chief executive of Radio Centre, the trade body which acts for more than 90% of all radio stations, has been involved in early meetings with the BBC and welcomes the development. He also downplayed competition concerns, saying that the plan was for a standard that would not be closed to small players, unlike the Kangaroo project recently rejected by competition authorities. "The concept for this is entirely open access and will showcase all UK radio," he said.
• Idea part of BBC's effort to help out struggling rivals
Jane Martinson The Guardian, Monday 23 March 2009 Article historyWant to know whether the love-lorn listener got lucky on Flirty at 8.30 this morning? Or would you like to series link every episode of the Archers from your car? Frustrated radio listeners may soon be able to access nearly every radio station in the country via a single online service under plans being drawn up by the BBC.
After meetings between senior executives at the corporation and in commercial radio, Tim Davie, the BBC's head of audio and music, believes an online radio player open to all broadcast radio providers could be available within the year. So, instead of consumers having to search for commercial stations such as Capital Radio or Heart FM on individual websites, they will be able to find them on something similar to iPlayer, the hugely popular online service which offers a 7-day catch up for all BBC output.
Longer term proposals would see a common standard - dubbed "Radio Plus" - that works across digital devices to offer the sort of pre-booking services found on Sky Plus and other personal video recorders. "Why shouldn't we be able to live pause, put it on hard drive, grab stuff from the past seven days and pre-book on radio as well as TV," says Davie, a former marketing executive who took over BBC Radio's most senior editorial job last September.
The preliminary proposals, which would need approval from the BBC Trust, would align the radio sector with the television industry, which already offers catch-up TV and the ability to pre-record programmes from both commercial and BBC channels.
They are also part of a BBC effort to prove that it can help out its cash-strapped rivals by sharing its technology and software and work on a common standard.
Such proposals - which include plans to work with rival ITV on regional news - are all part of the corporation's policy of promoting partnerships which it hopes will deflect from recent calls for its £3.5bn annual licence fee to be frozen or cut.
Davie says open access will avoid "bespoke solutions" and will help UK plc. His boss, BBC director general Mark Thompson, indicated that the BBC's commercial rivals needed help given the dire economic conditions of much of the ad-supported industry: "Is the BBC going to stand by or take tangible, measurable steps to partner, support and share some of its advantages to other media players?" he said.
The BBC move to partner old rivals is understood to have received tacit backing from the government. Communications minister Stephen Carter is keen to promote digital radio, which has failed to make a viable return for most commercial operators.
Andrew Harrison, the chief executive of Radio Centre, the trade body which acts for more than 90% of all radio stations, has been involved in early meetings with the BBC and welcomes the development. He also downplayed competition concerns, saying that the plan was for a standard that would not be closed to small players, unlike the Kangaroo project recently rejected by competition authorities. "The concept for this is entirely open access and will showcase all UK radio," he said.
Catch-up services account for 78% of online TV viewing
29 January 2009 By Danielle Long
Massive growth in traffic to broadcasters' on-demand sites partly comes from new web users attracted by online catch-up
Some 78% of online TV viewing is by people looking to catch up on missed broadcast TV, according to research by TV body Thinkbox.
The survey for the TV marketing body, conducted by Work Research, found UK broadcasters' online TV services, such as the BBC iPlayer and 4oD, were seeing strong growth in user numbers as people looked to catch up on linear TV programmes.
In total 64% of people had watched TV or video content on a computer and 44% had accessed online TV content recently.
While 58% of those who watched TV online were people who use the internet at least once a day at home, broadcaster services were attracting people new to the internet.
Tess Alps, chief executive of Thinkbox, said,"These services from trusted brands are helping to persuade people who may have been reluctant to go online."
She said that while services such as ITV Player had seen significant growth, non-broadcaster sites such as Joost and Videojug had only received minimal users, with just 2-3% of people using them.
"There has been significant growth across all the online TV sites," said Alps. "The broadcasters are sizeable businesses and can run major marketing campaigns. Other players find it quite hard to get audiences." The research found BBC iPlayer was the most popular of the online TV services attracting 75% of viewers, followed by YouTube and ITV Player. Demand Five saw strong growth, overtaking Sky Player.
It also revealed that online TV viewers expect to receive advertising around content, with sponsorship and pre-roll ad formats gaining the highest recall at 53% and 34% respectively, well ahead of in-skin (14%) and live buys (5%).
The majority of online viewing is in the home, but watching at work and on mobile has doubled in the last six months to 6% and 10% respectively.
Alps said that while audiences welcome the convenience of viewing programmes online, they prefer to watch on TV, which is seen as more comfortable and sociable. She predicted there would be more IPTV services like the iPlayer and ITV Player on Virgin Media.
"While 2008 showed phenomenal growth for web-based TV services, it's still growing and I think it will be interesting to see where on-demand will end up," she said.
The online TV research coincides with further Thinkbox findings that reveal broadcast TV viewing i 2008 increased by nearly an hour a week.
Massive growth in traffic to broadcasters' on-demand sites partly comes from new web users attracted by online catch-up
Some 78% of online TV viewing is by people looking to catch up on missed broadcast TV, according to research by TV body Thinkbox.
The survey for the TV marketing body, conducted by Work Research, found UK broadcasters' online TV services, such as the BBC iPlayer and 4oD, were seeing strong growth in user numbers as people looked to catch up on linear TV programmes.
In total 64% of people had watched TV or video content on a computer and 44% had accessed online TV content recently.
While 58% of those who watched TV online were people who use the internet at least once a day at home, broadcaster services were attracting people new to the internet.
Tess Alps, chief executive of Thinkbox, said,"These services from trusted brands are helping to persuade people who may have been reluctant to go online."
She said that while services such as ITV Player had seen significant growth, non-broadcaster sites such as Joost and Videojug had only received minimal users, with just 2-3% of people using them.
"There has been significant growth across all the online TV sites," said Alps. "The broadcasters are sizeable businesses and can run major marketing campaigns. Other players find it quite hard to get audiences." The research found BBC iPlayer was the most popular of the online TV services attracting 75% of viewers, followed by YouTube and ITV Player. Demand Five saw strong growth, overtaking Sky Player.
It also revealed that online TV viewers expect to receive advertising around content, with sponsorship and pre-roll ad formats gaining the highest recall at 53% and 34% respectively, well ahead of in-skin (14%) and live buys (5%).
The majority of online viewing is in the home, but watching at work and on mobile has doubled in the last six months to 6% and 10% respectively.
Alps said that while audiences welcome the convenience of viewing programmes online, they prefer to watch on TV, which is seen as more comfortable and sociable. She predicted there would be more IPTV services like the iPlayer and ITV Player on Virgin Media.
"While 2008 showed phenomenal growth for web-based TV services, it's still growing and I think it will be interesting to see where on-demand will end up," she said.
The online TV research coincides with further Thinkbox findings that reveal broadcast TV viewing i 2008 increased by nearly an hour a week.
1. Ownership and Control
1. Has new and digital media had an impact upon ownership and control of institutions involved in TV broadcasting?
ITV Digital
A digital terrestrial Tv broadcaster
It was launched by Carlton and Granada, independent TV companies
The ITV Digital failed to launch and in 2002, the two companines were forced to merge
Granda owns 2/3 of the company which became ITV plc
ITV and Social networking
ITV bought Friends Reunited in 2005 for 175m
In 2009 it sold it for 25m- a loss of 150m
Sold to Brightsolid Limited- owned by DC comic publishers
Channel 4 and Music channel
Channel 4 teamed up with EMAP to provide a TV music channel- 4Music
They have a revenue f 28m from the team up
Case Study Choice
The impact of new and digital media on TV broadcasting
Text choices:
ITV- commercial channel
BBC- Public Service broadcaster
Channel 4- Public Service Broadcaster
Text choices:
ITV- commercial channel
BBC- Public Service broadcaster
Channel 4- Public Service Broadcaster
Wednesday 19 January 2011
The Impact of New and Digital Media Theories
Hegemony
"Gramsci used the term hegemony to denote the predominance of one social class over others"
"This represents not only political and economic control, but also the ability of the dominant class to project its own way of seeing the world so that those who are subordinated by it accept it as 'common sense' and 'natural'"
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism10.html
Hegemony refers to the winning of popular consent by the ruling group largely through media representations of the world and its social institutions, such as education, work and the family.
http://media.edusites.co.uk/index.php/article/understanding-ideology/
Marxism
"Marxist theorists tend to emphasize the role of the mass media in the reproduction of the status quo, in contrast to liberal pluralists who emphasize the role of the media in promoting freedom of speech"
"Marxists view capitalist society as being one of class domination; the media are seen as part of an ideological arena in which various class views are fought out, although within the context of the dominance of certain classes; ultimate control is increasingly concentrated in monopoly capital"
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism10.html
Pluralism
"A pluralistic media -- marked by a variety of outlets with diverse ownership and viewpoints, independence and transparency -- is generally believed to contribute to a press that honors the ideals of democracy and reflects diversity within society."
http://ijnet.org/community/groups/10189/media-pluralism-divisive-or-democratic
Cultural Imperialism "accused western powers (mainly the United States and Britain) of maintaining an imbalance in the flow of information from the First World to the Third World. This western dominance of indigenous cultures was a form of ‘coca-colonialism’ designed to maintain western power, prevent development, exploit resources – generally to ‘McDominate’ "
http://www.britishcouncil.org/history-why-cultural-imperialism.htm
Post-colonialism
"Post-colonialism" loosely designates a set of theoretical approaches which focus on the direct effects and aftermaths of colonization"
"Post-colonialism forms a composite but powerful intellectual and critical movement which renews the perception and understanding of modern history, cultural studies, literary criticism, and political economy."
http://www.semioticon.com/virtuals/postcol.htm
Globalisation
"Technological, political, and economic changes which they believe make the world
function in a different way from the way it did twenty or thirty years ago"
"Computers, cell phones, and internet have brought about major changes in world communication. Not only is it easier to communicate across the globe, but countries and regions without access to this new technology are excluded from world developments"
"Over the last thirty years some countries have not only successfully adapted to globalization but they have become the key drivers of the process. The United States, Western Europe and Japan are today the key beneficiaries and leaders of the globalised world. Their historical status as colonial powers, with industrialized societies gave them a significant edge"
http://www.etu.org.za/toolbox/docs/development/globalisation.html
"Gramsci used the term hegemony to denote the predominance of one social class over others"
"This represents not only political and economic control, but also the ability of the dominant class to project its own way of seeing the world so that those who are subordinated by it accept it as 'common sense' and 'natural'"
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism10.html
Hegemony refers to the winning of popular consent by the ruling group largely through media representations of the world and its social institutions, such as education, work and the family.
http://media.edusites.co.uk/index.php/article/understanding-ideology/
Marxism
"Marxist theorists tend to emphasize the role of the mass media in the reproduction of the status quo, in contrast to liberal pluralists who emphasize the role of the media in promoting freedom of speech"
"Marxists view capitalist society as being one of class domination; the media are seen as part of an ideological arena in which various class views are fought out, although within the context of the dominance of certain classes; ultimate control is increasingly concentrated in monopoly capital"
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/marxism/marxism10.html
Pluralism
"A pluralistic media -- marked by a variety of outlets with diverse ownership and viewpoints, independence and transparency -- is generally believed to contribute to a press that honors the ideals of democracy and reflects diversity within society."
http://ijnet.org/community/groups/10189/media-pluralism-divisive-or-democratic
Cultural Imperialism "accused western powers (mainly the United States and Britain) of maintaining an imbalance in the flow of information from the First World to the Third World. This western dominance of indigenous cultures was a form of ‘coca-colonialism’ designed to maintain western power, prevent development, exploit resources – generally to ‘McDominate’ "
http://www.britishcouncil.org/history-why-cultural-imperialism.htm
Post-colonialism
"Post-colonialism" loosely designates a set of theoretical approaches which focus on the direct effects and aftermaths of colonization"
"Post-colonialism forms a composite but powerful intellectual and critical movement which renews the perception and understanding of modern history, cultural studies, literary criticism, and political economy."
http://www.semioticon.com/virtuals/postcol.htm
Globalisation
"Technological, political, and economic changes which they believe make the world
function in a different way from the way it did twenty or thirty years ago"
"Computers, cell phones, and internet have brought about major changes in world communication. Not only is it easier to communicate across the globe, but countries and regions without access to this new technology are excluded from world developments"
"Over the last thirty years some countries have not only successfully adapted to globalization but they have become the key drivers of the process. The United States, Western Europe and Japan are today the key beneficiaries and leaders of the globalised world. Their historical status as colonial powers, with industrialized societies gave them a significant edge"
http://www.etu.org.za/toolbox/docs/development/globalisation.html
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